In case anyone else runs into this problem:
I opened up the SetIntValue action (script) packaged with Playmaker. From there I realized that I was treating the FsmFloat object like a real variable, when the fact is I needed to target it's value member.
So to actually set an FSM variable, you need to do something like:
FsmFloat storeValue;
float settingValue;
storeValue.Value = settingValue;
Notice that the FsmFloat variable is actually a class, so the variable is stored in it's public "Value" member.
Also notice that when using the actual float variable, it acts as normal.
Thanks to everyone who was helping me through my extreme noobie fumbling. =)